Evidence Based Practices

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Course Objectives

Identify the agency(s) responsible for establishing the evidence-based guidelines in phlebotomy

Recite the key components of evidence-based guidelines in phlebotomy
Relate evidence-based guidelines to specific phlebotomy tasks
Integrate evidence-based guidelines into your phlebotomy skill set

Course Content

Course Creator: Nichelle Volker RMA

Total CE Hours: 1 Credit Hour

Pace Course #: 586-2116-25

Key Terms and Acronyms:

AC
Basal State
BMI
CEU
CLSI
DOB
Fomites
Hematoma
HIPAA
MRN
MSDS
OSHA
PHI
Postprandial
PPE
PEP
PHI
RN
RT
Sclerosed Vein
Sodium Hypochlorite
SDS
TB
Vasovagal Syncope
WHO

Outline:

Importance of evidence based practices
- Recognize, Act, Explain
- Intention
- WHO and CLSI
- Key Components
- Site Selection
  - Accuracy
  - Comfort
  - Success
  - Tests ordered
  - Patient age
  - Patient condition
  - Vein condition
  - Troubleshooting
  - Capillary sites
- Technique
  - Patient interaction
  - Site selection
  - Asepsis
  - Angle of entry
  - Order of draw
  - Tourniquet use
  - Post draw puncture site pressure
- Infection control
  - Hand hygiene
  - Transmission
    - Direct
    - Indirect
    - Contact
    - Droplet
    - Airborne
    - Vehicle
    - Vector
    - Parenteral
  - Exposures
  - Affirmative reminders
  - CDC guidance on donning and doffing
- Patient Identification
  - 2 identifiers
  - Inpatient
  - Outpatient
- Equipement Selection
  - Venipuncture
    - Evacuated tube method
    - Syringe method
  - Capillary punctures
    - Lancets
- Patient preparation
  - Postprandial
  - Fasting
  - Basal state
  - Hydration
- Patient monitoring
  - Vasovagal syncope
  - Hematoma
  - Excessing bleeding
- Training and competency
  - Competency assessment
  - Certification VS Licensure
  - CEUs
  - CPT-I
  - CPT-II
- Ethical Considerations
  - Confidentiality
    - HIPAA
    - PHI
- Consent
  - Informed
  - Implied
  - Expressed
  - HIV testing
  - Parental consent for minors
Characteristics of professionalism
Patient Health and Safety
- Documentation/Incident reporting
- Incident report forms
- QC and equipment check forms
Conclusion

References:

WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. 4, Historical perspective on hand hygiene in health care. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK144018/
NIH (2010, June 25). WHO Practices on Drawing Blood. National Library of Medicine: National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK138650/
Connor, L., Dean, J., McNett, M., Tydings, D. M., Shrout, A., Gorsuch, P. F., Hole, A., Moore, L., Brown, R., Melnyk, B. M., & Gallagher-Ford, L. (2023). Evidence-based practice improves patient outcomes and healthcare system return on investment: Findings from a scoping review. Worldviews on evidence-based nursing, 20(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12621
Hashemi, R., Majidi, A., Motamed, H., Amini, A., Najari, F., & Tabatabaey, A. (2015). Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Measurement Using as a Rapid Alternative to the Westergren Method. Emergency (Tehran, Iran), 3(2), 50–53.
Sed rate (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) - Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/sed-rate/about/pac-20384797
Anderson, G. R. (2022). A Fundamental Guide to Phlebotomy (E. K. Eaton, Ed.) (p. 70). NHCO-NationalHealthcare Certification Organization.
Tinonas, J. (2024, April 16). How to find a vein for a blood draw: Phlebotomist guide. Phlebotomy. https://www.phlebotomynow.co/how-to-find-a-vein-for-a-blood-draw-phlebotomist-guide/#Bonus_Tips_for_Success_From_Warm_Compresses_to_Happy_Patients
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Precautions to Prevent Transmission of Infectious Agents (July. 2019).Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved May 10, 2024 from https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/precautions.html
Infection Control: PPE Sequence. (n.d.). Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/media/pdfs/Toolkits-PPE-Sequence-P.pdf
McCall, R. (2023). Phlebotomy Essentials (8th ed.). Jones and Bartlett Learning. https://cdnproxy.thepoint.lww.com/download/downloads/thePoint/9780781761383_McCall/Sample_Materials/textbookChapter9.pdf?token=method=ExpireAbsolute;source=PT;ttl=1739399132438;hash=I3iVO1imptavDOQ22u5mIQ==
Vasovagal syncope - Symptoms and causes. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vasovagal-syncope/symptoms-causes/syc-20350527